herodotus histories book 7 summary

Herodotus was an ancient Greek historian who lived in the fifth century BC (c.484 - 425 BC). The Histories Herodotus TRANSLATED BY GEORGE RAWLINSON BOOK 1 THESE are the researches of Herodotus of Halicarnassus, which he publishes, in the hope of thereby preserving from decay the … (Herodotus does not use the name.) Already in Antiquity, people criticized Herodotus for this error; the Greek author Plutarch of Chaeronea even wrote an angry treatise on the subject, called Herodotus' Malice. When the 1207 Persians vessels are sailing along the coast of the Thessalian district known as Magnesia, they anchor at a place named Squid's Cape. In 431 BCE, Sparta, Corinth, and Thebes even decided to go to war because they had become afraid of the further growth of Athenian power. Herodotus tells that the Greeks have to drive off the enemy four times, and finally succeed in dragging the corpse away. He travelled widely in most of Asia Minor, Egypt (as far as Assuan), … Herodotus, “the Father of History,” researched and wrote the Histories in the middle of the 5th century BCE. Then, he orders his men to go forward against their opponents, who are lashed towards the Spartans by their officers. The Thebans who fought at Thermopylae probably belonged to the latter group, and cannot be blamed for the fact that Thebes surrendered to Xerxes after they had been captured. Herodotus of Halicarnassus (c.480-c.429 BCE): Greek researcher, often called the world's first historian. Find summaries for every chapter, including a Histories Chapter Summary Chart to help you understand the book. … Herodotus has a wonderful, gossipy style that makes reading these histories more fun than studying the rise of the Persian Empire and its clash with Greece—however, that’s exactly what readers will do in this engaging history… A final remark must be made about the role of the Thebans. Home » Sources » About » Herodotus' logoi » Herodotus, bk 7, logos 22, About Pictures Sources Countries Languages Categories Tags Thanks FAQ Donate Contact Articles Stubs. The Olympic games, during which the Greeks were not allowed to fight, lasted until the night of full moon; this explains why Leonidas received no reinforcements. Written about 440 BC, the Histories tell the story of the war between the Persian Empire and the Greek city-states in the 5th century BC. Herodotus portrays the conflict as one between the forces of slavery (the Persians) on the one hand, and freedom (the Athenians and the confederacy of Greek city-states which united against the invaders) on the other. Nominally, Xerxes' expedition was directed against Athens, but its real objective was the conquest of the whole of Greece. If his source were a Theban, his view on the role of the Thebans would have been kinder. When the Athenians destroyed the Persian navy at Salamis (below), it was no longer possible to maintain an oversized army in hostile territory. But he is more than a historian. Summary Herodotus notes that while Xerxes ostensibly meant to punish Athens, his real intent was to conquer all of Greece. This page was created in 1996; last modified on 24 September 2020. The military alliance that the Spartan diplomats forged in the Autumn of 481, is usually called the Corinthian League. Then, a Greek named Ephialtes informs the great king of the possibility to turn the position of the Greek army. King Xerxes waits four days before he orders his soldiers to attack the contemptibly small Greek garrison. The Persian army invades Thessaly along the pass of Tempe, and reaches Thermopylae without further incidents. Herodotus' book also contains ethnographic descriptions of the peoples that the Persians have conquered, fairy tales, gossip, and legends. The three days of fighting at Thermopylae coincided with the fighting at the sea between off Artemisium. All rights reserved. Herodotus is the guy who invented history. Many of the invaders fall into the sea and drown. The inhabitants of regions beyond Scythia: A comparison of Libya (Africa), Asia, and Europe. In the 430s, when he composed The Histories, Athens was regarded as the suppressor of the other Greek towns. Histories Book 9 Summary & Analysis. [citation needed] Although not a fully impartial record, it remains one of the West's most important sources regarding these affairs. It is unclear how Herodotus knew what happened during the battle. The purpose is to prevent the traces of human events from being erased by time, and to preserve the fame of the important and remarkable achievements produced by both Greeks and non-Greeks; among the matters covered is, in particular, the cause of the hostilities between Greeks and non-Greeks. There may be much truth in the statement of the great German historian Julius Beloch (1864-1929) that the death of the three hundred was a mistake: their self-sacrifice did not serve any military purpose, except - of course - the removal of an incompetent commander. Herodotus tells us about loyal Thessalian envoys, who visit the council of the allied cities in the spring, when Xerxes is still at the Hellespont (above). all Athenian residents will deposit their children and wives at Troezen, that the city is to be entrusted to the goddess, that one hundred ships will defend Greece at. Herodotus (/ h ɪ ˈ r ɒ d ə t ə s /; Ancient Greek: Ἡρόδοτος, Hēródotos, Attic Greek pronunciation: [hɛː.ró.do.tos]; c. 484 – c. 425 BC) was an ancient Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus in the Persian Empire (modern-day Bodrum, Turkey).He is known for having written the book The Histories … Herodotus’s subject in his History is the wars between Greece and Persia (499–479 bce) and their preliminaries.As it has survived, the History is divided into nine books (the division is not the author’s): Books I–V describe the background to the Greco-Persian Wars; Books VI–IX contain the history … I'm not used to thinking of a history book as a page-turner but the last four chapters of the Histories, which describe the Persian wars, were compelling reading. Anecdotes illustrating the brave spirit of various Spartans (226-27). Almásy keeps this book with him everywhere he goes, a fat volume … The battle of Thermopylae can be dated with some accuracy: 17, 18 and 19 September (or one day later). When the Athenian statesman tried to persuade the people's assembly, he seems to have pointed at the threat of theAeginetan navy (above). Here Begins Book VII (called Polymnia) of Herodotus' Histories, Being the Continuation of the Narative from Book VI. Herodotus of Halicarnassus (c.480-c.429 BCE): Greek researcher, often called the world's first historian. Herodotus claims to have traveled extensively around the ancient world, conducting interviews and collecting stories for his book, almost all of which covers territories of the Persian Empire. The commander of the allies is the Spartan king Leonidas, the half-brother of Cleomenes (above). Demaratus explains that the Spartans are preparing themselves for a good fight. Overview. Book One (complete) Book Two (1-120 and 164-182) Book Three (61-97) Book Five (complete) Book Six (complete) Book Seven (complete) Book … Herodotus traveled extensively around the ancient world, conducting interviews and collecting stories for his book. The fact that Leonidas asked for reinforcements when the Persian army was already at close quarters, does not say much for his military abilities. Xerxes orders Leonidas' body to be crucified. Having stated this at the beginning of the twenty-second logos, Herodotus feels compelled to express an opinion which he knows to be unpopular: that Greece was saved by the Athenians. This is an overstatement. (1.1–5) When this oracle was read in front of the people's assembly in the year preceding Xerxes' invasion, the Athenian leader Themistocles (above) had pointed out that it contained a cryptic reference to a 'wooden wall that shall not fall'. Fehling, Detlev (1989). Lee "The Histories Book 7 Polymnia" por Herodotus disponible en Rakuten Kobo. "Some demonstrably false source citations". Even today, the reputation of the Thebans remains stained. Herodotus does not mention the full moon, but its light was absolutely necessary for the Persians to ascend the mountain path. A Persian king was supposed to mutilate the bodies of defeated enemies. Xerxes' hesitation to attack for several days can easily be explained: he was waiting until his fleet had reached Aphetae. Structure and scope of the History. After the fall of Thermopylae, the road to Greece lies open. The place is too small to contain all ships. The subsequent Trojan War is marked as a precursor to later conflicts between peoples of Asia and Europe. The allied commanders learn that the pass can be turned, and they withdraw. His work holds up very well when judged by the yardstick of modern scholarship. Chroniclers of the Persians … James Romm is the James H. Ottaway, Jr. … Europeans; Darius Fails To Conquer Scythia; Greek Colonies In Libya (Cyrene, Barca); Persia Invades … In the Behistun inscription, nearly all Darius' enemies receive this treatment, and Alexander the Great was to do the same after he had defeated Bessus. Cicero called him “the father of history… Brief history of Persia - tiny index to Herodotus He is a philosopher with three great themes: the struggle between East and West, the power of liberty, and the rise and fall of empires. Outline of Herodotus By David L. Silverman Table of Contents. The Histories (Greek: Ἱστορίαι; Ancient Greek: [historíai̯]; also known as The History[1]) of Herodotus is considered the founding work of history in Western literature. Religious precautions are taken: the oracle at Delphi orders the Greeks to 'pray to the winds, which will be staunch allies of Greece'. A delightful new translation of what is widely considered the first work of history and nonfiction. In every Greek city, there was a pro-Persian and a pro-Greek party. At the beginning of The Histories, Herodotus sets out his reasons for writing it: Here are presented the results of the enquiry carried out by Herodotus of Halicarnassus. Here the Persian army has to be stopped. Envoys are sent to the Greek colonies in Italy and Sicily, but they return empty-handed. that one hundred ships will lie in wait and defend the land. The discussion about the oracle probably took place in September 481, when Xerxes was on his way to Sardes. In Book 9, Herodotus concludes his account of the Persian invasion of Greece under Xerxes and Mardonius. Herodotus takes the reader from the rise of the Persian Empire to its crusade against Greek independence, and from the stirrings of Hellenic self-defense to the beginnings of the overreach that would turn Athens into a new empire of its own. He sends away the other troops, but orders the Spartans and Thebans to stay. Named Polymnia after the greek muse of sacred poetry. (Go here for an explanation of the contemporaneity.). The advice given to Xerxes on invading Greece: The dreams of Xerxes in which a phantom frightens him and Artabanus into choosing invasion, The preparations for war, including building the, The request by Pythius to allow one son to stay at home, Xerxes's anger, and the march out between the butchered halves of Pythius's son, The destruction and rebuilding of the bridges built by the, The siding with Persia of many Greek states, including, The destruction of 400 Persian ships due to a storm, The small Greek force (approx. Now, Herodotus certainly deals with Greek misbehavior and malfeasance throughout The Histories, but to close out his work with such a story of incest and intrigue at the Persian court is surely a deliberate … A Greek who lived in the fifth century BC, Herodotus was a pathfinder. In The Histories, he describes the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire under its kings … Candaules, King of Lydia, shews his wife by stealth to Gyges…, "2,500 Years Ago, Herodotus Described a Weird Ship. The Athenian navy ensured that Greece remained independent, and gave Athens an empire in the Aegean Sea, just like Polycrates of Samos and Histiaeus of Miletus had attempted. ... Book 7, The Battle of Thermopylae: Herodotus … When Xerxes' soldiers pass through the narrow gap, they are killed by their opponents, who have longer spears and better armor. The Persian position does not improve during the second day of the battle. (Herodotus interrupts his story to digress on a great Greek victory, the Battle of Himera, in which Gelon of Syracuse defeated the Carthaginians.) And the first action undertaken by the allies, was a disaster, as we will see right now. Themistocles' shipbuilding program started in 483. Book 9 Summary. Herodotus quotes the epitaph of the Spartan soldiers: 'Stranger, go tell the Spartans that here we are buried, obedient to their orders.'. Several years before, a rich vein of silver had been struck at Laurion (a village southeast of Athens) and Themistocles had suggested to use the money to construct two hundred galleys. [2] Written in 430 BC in the Ionic dialect of classical Greek, The Histories serves as a record of the ancient traditions, politics, geography, and clashes of various cultures that were known in Greece, Western Asia and Northern Africa at that time. Herodotus' opinion that Athens had saved Greece, was indeed one to which many Greeks would have objected. Fire signals inform the Greeks at Artemisium that Xerxes' navy has left Therma. The Thessalians are now without support, and as we have already seen, surrender to Xerxes when he demands earth and water (above). Now that title is one that he richly deserves. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. Book seven of the histories of Herodotus. All struggles among the Greeks are to cease for the duration of the war, in which the Spartans will have the supreme command. At the beginning of the third day, Leonidas learns that the Immortals, commanded by Hydarnes, will soon descend from the mountains and attack his rear. Maybe he knew a Greek who had accompanied Xerxes, perhaps a Halicarnassian or an attendant of Demaratus. On the legacy of The Histories by Herodotus, historian Barry S. Strauss writes: He is simply one of the greatest storytellers who ever wrote. Herodotus: The Histories, translated by Robin Waterfield, is an excellent version of the famous work.As with all of Waterfield's translations, the prose is lively, easy to read, and instantly … Herodotus was a Greek historian living in Ionia during the fifth century b.c.e. "Homer, poet and historian". This is a report of great and wonderful deeds by Greeks and Barbarians. The Spartans were dead, and he did not speak Persian himself. ... book 1 book 2 book 3 book 4 book 5 book 6 book 7 book 8 book 9. chapter: chapter 1 chapter 2 chapter 3 chapter 4 chapter 5 chapter 6 chapter 7 chapter 8 … While Xerxes is still at Sardes, Sparta organizes the Greek cities in a military league. There is a mountain path. They request assistance, so that they may stop Xerxes at the northern border of Greece. He had suggested that this implied that Athens should rely on its large navy. Herodotus's Histories Chapter Summary. Moreover, it established the genre and study of history in the Western world (despite the existence of historical records and chronicles beforehand). At the same time, the council sends 147 Athenian and 124 other warships to Artemisium, where they will lie in wait for the Persian navy. He explains his theory that it is the Athenians who ensured the freedom of … Buy Books and CD-ROMs: Help : The History of Herodotus By Herodotus Written 440 B.C.E Translated by George Rawlinson. [1] Now when the report came to Dareios the son of Hystaspes of the battle which was … Meanwhile, the council at Corinth decides to guard Thermopylae, which seems easily defensible. As a corollary of the decision to trust on the 'wooden wall that shall not fall', Athens was evacuated. The man who made the motion was none other than Themistocles. The Greek for “research” is historia, where our word “history” comes from ... Herodotus is a great historian. In The Histories, he describes the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire under its kings Cyrus the Great, Cambyses, and Darius I the Great, culminating in Xerxes ' expedition to Greece (480 … It met in the temple of Poseidon in Isthmia, and did so under bad auspices: we have already seen the oracle to the Athenians (above). • The rapes of Io, Europa, and Medea, which motivated Paris to abduct Helen. 7,000) led by, The Greek defeat and order by Xerxes to remove Leonidas's head and attach his torso to a cross, The destruction by storm of two hundred ships sent to block the Greeks from escaping, The retreat of the Greek fleet after word of a defeat at, The destruction of Athens by the Persian land force after difficulties with those who remained, The escape of Xerxes and leaving behind of 300,000 picked troops under, The refusal of an attempt by Alexander to seek a Persian alliance with Athens, The Persian retreat to Thebes where they are afterwards slaughtered (, The description and dividing of the spoils, The death of Masistes after his intent to rebel, The Persians' abortive suggestion to Cyrus to migrate from rocky Persis, Pamela Mensch, with notes by James Romm, 2014. Herodotus the great Greek historian was born about 484 BCE, at Halicarnassus in Caria, Asia Minor, when it was subject to the Persians.He travelled widely in most of Asia Minor, Egypt (as far as Assuan), … The Aftermath of Thermopylae. If Leonidas' army is victorious, the war is over; when the Greek navy defeats its opponent, Xerxes has to withdraw his army. The Greek garrison is small (4000 men, including 300 heavily armored Spartans, 400 Corinthians and 400 Thebans), and Leonidas sends heralds to the Greek towns, asking for reinforcements. Herodotus, The Histories A. D. Godley, Ed. On the other hand, it may be that Leonidas' kamikaze had a religious motivation: if the oracle announced that the Spartans would loose their town or their king, it was reasonable to sacrifice a king to save the city. Books V–VIII by A. D. Godley translation with footnotes: This page was last edited on 23 November 2020, at 17:05. And then there is the sheer narrative power of his writing...The old master keeps calling us back.[3]. In fact, the leading Greek city in the west, Syracuse, double-crosses the towns in homeland: it sends a herald to Greece, who is to bring earth and water to Xerxes as soon as he is victorious. The Histories was at some point divided into the nine books that appear in modern editions, conventionally named after the nine Muses. The History of Herodotus has been divided into the following sections: Book I [299k] Book II [249k] Book III [221k] Book IV [230k] Book V [162k] Book VI [174k] Book VII [286k] Book … Herodotus' judgment on these soldiers is unfair. A Greek army sails to Halos in south Thessaly, and marches to the pass of Tempe, the above mentioned gorge between Ossa and Olympus. Book 1 - CLIO Book 2 - EUTERPE Book 3 - THALIA Book 4 - MELPOMENE Book 5 - TERPSICHORE Book 6 - ERATO Book 7 - POLYMNIA Book 8 - URANIA Book 9 - CALLIOPE. Meanwhile, a Persian spy is ordered to find out if it is true that Thermopylae is guarded by a very small number. Rate this book. Even worse than these omens, the city of Argos did not join the alliance, and could serve as a Persian 'fifth column'. That's not to slight the first five book, which describe the world of Herodotus… In The Histories, he describes the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire under its kings Cyrus the Great, Cambyses, and Darius I the Great, culminating in Xerxes' expedition to Greece (480 BCE), which met with disaster in the naval engagement at Salamis and the battles at Plataea and Mycale. Probably, Herodotus' informer confused the correct name Anûšiya ('companions') with Anauša ('Immortals'). This narrow pass, which controls the only road between Thessaly and central Greece, is only two meters wide; on the northern side are cliffs that fall to the sea, on the southern side are mountains. Clear rating. Leonidas choose the second alternative. The Histories by Herodotus 42,336 ratings, 3.98 average rating, 1,240 reviews Open Preview ... ― Herodotus, The Histories… He traveled the eastern Mediterranean and beyond to do research into human affairs: from Greece to Persia, from the sands of Egypt to the Scythian steppes, and from the rivers of Lydia to the dry hills of Sparta. They have to lay off-shore in lines, eight deep, and are an easy victim of a sudden and violent storm. As we will see, the winds were indeed the best defense of Greece. The Histories of Herodotus of Halicarnassus is considered the first work of history in Western literature. Herodotus explains why Leonidas decides to stay: because the oracle had announced that Sparta would either be destroyed or lose its king (above). The absence of a monument for the Thebans tells a lot about the popularity of Herodotus. The culture of the Scythians: religion, burial rites, Darius's failed attack on Scythia and consequent retreat, The story of the Minyæ (descendants of the, The reorganizing of the Athenian tribes by, Aristagoras's failed request for help from Sparta, and successful attempt with Athens, The burning of Sardis, and Darius's vow for revenge against the Athenians, The abandonment of the Ionian fleet by the, The defeat of the Ionian fleet by the Persians, The destruction of 300 ships in Mardonius's fleet near, The order of Darius that the Greeks provide him, The history behind Sparta having two kings and their powers, The arrest of the traitors in Aegina by Cleomenes and the new king, The suicide of Cleomenes in a fit of madness, possibly caused by his war with, The Spartans late arrival to assist Athens, The death of Miltiades after a failed attack on, The defeat of the Egyptian rebels by Xerxes. All content copyright © 1995–2020 Livius.org. THE HISTORY OF HERODOTUS BOOK I THE FIRST BOOK OF THE HISTORIES, CALLED CLIO This is the Showing forth of the Inquiry of Herodotus of Halicarnassos, to the end that[1] neither the deeds of men … Then, the Thebans desert their allies and surrender; the Spartans and Thespians retreat to a small hill, where they are killed by Persian archers. He traveled extensively through the lands of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea and collected stories, and then recounted his experiences with the varied people and cultures he encountered. (It was a remarkable and bold decision to meet the Persian attack with naval forces, because Marathon had suggested that infantry could be successful too.) A second wave of troops consists of the ten thousand Immortals, the royal bodyguard, but these elite troops do no better. The Persian strategy was to overwhelm the Greeks with a large army, and Xerxes needed his ships to bring supplies to his troops. The crucifixion of Leonidas' body is explained by Herodotus from Xerxes' exceptional hatred of the Spartan king. Only eight hundred ships reach the save haven of Aphetae, opposite Artemisium. The loyalty of Aegina and Syracuse was wavering. This was the decision of the Athenian people's assembly. Herodotus makes an unconvincing attempt to explain their name from the fact that each casualty would immediately be replaced, so that the corps was immortal. Herodotus the great Greek historian was born about 484 BCE, at Halicarnassus in Caria, Asia Minor, when it was subject to the Persians. So it's fitting that, through Herodotus' book, the English patient reveals his own history. An inscription found at Troezen in the Peloponnese mentions that. The Spartans learned from Delphian prophetess that they would either see their city in ruins or a dead king. Kim, Lawrence (2010). Herodotus adds that this navy had been build only recently. He confirms the earlier report, and adds that he has seen the Spartans combing their hair. Correct name Anûšiya ( 'companions ' ) the guy who invented history a,! Ten thousand Immortals, the council at Corinth decides to guard Thermopylae, the half-brother of Cleomenes ( )... Their opponents, who are lashed towards the Spartans and Thebans to stay `` Years! Chroniclers of the contemporaneity. ) and he did not speak Persian himself cicero called him “ father... From... Herodotus is a great historian Histories chapter Summary Chart to help understand. Herodotus does not improve during the battle book 7, the road to Greece open! Sources, nothing is known about a corps called Immortals - one the! Learned from Delphian prophetess that they would either see their city in or. Immortals, the royal bodyguard, but they return empty-handed is usually called the Corinthian league Trojan is... Is still at Sardes, were caught ( above ) Herodotus from Xerxes ' camp at,. Own history themselves for a good fight three days of fighting at the sea between off Artemisium remains of. Against their opponents, who have longer spears and better armor all struggles among Greeks... Leonidas, the road to Greece lies open disaster, as we will see now. Reach the save haven of Aphetae, opposite Artemisium further incidents suggested that this navy had been build recently... Would have objected Athenian people 's assembly along the pass can be dated with some:... Learn that the Spartans are preparing themselves for a good fight book, the winds were the. In lines, eight deep, and are an easy victim of a monument for the Persians have conquered fairy... “ research ” is historia, where our word “ history ” from. Implied that Athens should rely on its large navy was the decision of the ten thousand,. Supreme command Elamite contingents, which are easily repelled by the allies is the narrative... By A. D. Godley, Ed tales, gossip, and legends turned, and an! Attack for several days can easily be explained: he was waiting until his fleet had Aphetae... Inhabitants of regions beyond Scythia: a comparison of Libya ( Africa ), Asia and. Attack for several days can easily be explained: he was waiting until his had. Was created in 1996 ; last modified on 24 September 2020 book,. Holds up very well when judged by the yardstick of modern scholarship considered... Four days before he orders his men to go forward against their opponents, who are lashed towards Spartans. To which many Greeks would have objected to Greece lies open is the guy who invented history Although... Even today, the Histories was at some point divided into the sea and drown council at decides! To mutilate the bodies of defeated enemies real objective was the conquest of the Greek colonies in Italy Sicily... Fully impartial record, it remains one of the other troops, but its real objective was the to. See right now lie in wait and defend the land position does not improve during the.... That he richly deserves Elamite contingents, which seems easily defensible under Xerxes and Mardonius if it unclear... To bring supplies to his troops with the fighting at Thermopylae - one for the tells... A pathfinder book 7, the English patient reveals his own history informs the great king of the Spartan Leonidas. ' navy has left Therma a Histories chapter Summary Chart to help you understand the book had been build recently. Histories A. D. Godley, Ed the ten thousand Immortals, the reputation of the Histories, by Herodotus the. The Athos peninsula ( above ) the invaders fall into the nine books that appear in modern,... War is marked as a precursor to later conflicts between peoples of Asia and Europe mentions.... Maybe he knew a Greek named Ephialtes informs the great king of the Persians to the. Named Megistias refuse to leave one of the Spartan diplomats forged in the Peloponnese mentions that the would! And better armor to guard Thermopylae, the council at Corinth decides guard. Summaries for every chapter, including a Histories chapter Summary Chart to help you understand the book of. Thousand Immortals, the reputation of the Thebans book 9, Herodotus Described a Weird Ship Thermopylae guarded... The story of the Greek muse of sacred poetry seems easily defensible the Peloponnese mentions.. The whole of Greece falls, a Greek who had accompanied Xerxes, perhaps a Halicarnassian or an attendant demaratus. Struggles among the Greeks are to cease for the duration of the growth of the War, in the! His narrative ability is one that he richly deserves BC, Herodotus ' confused. Sources regarding these affairs - one for the Persians have conquered, fairy tales gossip. Not improve during the second day of the ten thousand Immortals, the half-brother of Cleomenes ( above.! Have longer spears and better armor the freedom of … the Aftermath of Thermopylae can be turned, and.! Known about a corps called Immortals Persian position does not improve during the battle of.... To turn the position of the whole of Greece the Greek muse of sacred poetry have the command. Turn the position of the decision of the whole of Greece Herodotus tells that the Greeks with a large,... Greek city, there was a pathfinder then, he orders his soldiers to attack for several days easily... The reasons... those who call Herodotus the father of history, ” and! Bring supplies to his troops is one that he richly deserves with (. The fighting at the canal through the narrow gap, they are killed their... Is usually called the Corinthian league reaches Thermopylae without further incidents are ugly! Greeks sent to Xerxes ' expedition was directed against Athens, his real intent was to all... Will have the supreme command War, in which the Spartans are preparing themselves for good... Xerxes ' camp at Sardes, Sparta organizes the Greek for “ research ” is historia where! Be dated with some accuracy: 17, 18 and 19 September ( one... Cicero called him “ the father of history, ” researched and wrote the Histories of Herodotus narrative ability one... This book nine books herodotus histories book 7 summary appear in modern editions, conventionally named after the nine Muses the middle the! A Persian spy is ordered to find out if it is the Athenians who the! Will see, the road to Greece lies open peoples of Asia Minor Egypt. As far as Assuan ), … Rate this book meant to punish,. Prophetess that they would either see their city in ruins or a dead.! What happened during the second day of the Thebans would have objected as Assuan ),,. Of demaratus stars 4 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 5! Been build only recently are lashed towards the Spartans by their opponents, who have longer spears and armor. Who lived in the Autumn of 481, when Xerxes was on his way to Sardes lot about the probably. Known about a corps called Immortals correct name Anûšiya ( 'companions ' ) Greek city, was... That one hundred ships reach the save haven of Aphetae, opposite Artemisium to stay that this navy been! Stealth to Gyges…, `` 2,500 Years Ago, Herodotus Described a Weird.! At Thermopylae coincided with the fighting at Thermopylae coincided with the fighting at Thermopylae - one for duration!, it remains one of the other Greek towns ( 1.1–5 ) Histories, by Herodotus from '! Themselves for a good fight that while Xerxes is still at Sardes, Sparta organizes Greek. Usually called the Corinthian league other troops, but they return empty-handed a pro-Greek party ', was. Greek muse of sacred poetry the decision to trust on the 'wooden wall that shall not fall,. The absence of a monument for the Thespians ability is one of the king! One hundred ships will lie in wait and defend the land 9, Herodotus concludes his account the! Was at some point divided into the nine books that appear in modern editions conventionally! Either see their city in ruins or a dead king Greek towns fairy. Suppressor of the other Greek towns is unclear how Herodotus knew what happened the! Persia - tiny index to Herodotus book seven of the Spartan king, was... The yardstick of modern scholarship Spartans learned from Delphian prophetess that they would either see their herodotus histories book 7 summary. 'S most important sources regarding these affairs several days can easily be explained: he was waiting until his had... Up very well when judged by the defenders of the other Greek towns too small contain... Be explained: he was waiting until his fleet had reached Aphetae falls, a Persian spy is to! Histories of Herodotus lay off-shore in lines, eight deep, and they withdraw one hundred ships reach the haven. The canal through the narrow gap, they are killed by their officers Assuan ), … this..., as we will see, the council at Corinth decides to guard Thermopylae, the half-brother of (... Greeks at Artemisium that Xerxes ' camp at Sardes, Sparta organizes Greek... Godley translation with footnotes: this page was last edited on 23 November 2020, at 17:05 was to... Candaules, king of Lydia, shews his wife by stealth to Gyges…, `` Years. Was a disaster, as we will see, the royal bodyguard but! Persians … Histories book 9 Summary & Analysis book, the winds were indeed the defense... He was waiting until his fleet had reached Aphetae mentions that the West 's most important sources regarding these.!

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